Glossary
What the words on this portal mean
Plain-language definitions of the terms used across the portal. Each term links to itself, so you can share a definition directly.
Looking for how the figures are calculated? Read the methodology.
A
- Achievement
- How far an MDA got against a target, shown as a percentage. For a quarter it compares the reported actual value with that quarter’s target. It can exceed 100% when a target is beaten.
- Where you see itStatisticsReform areasReports
- Actual value
- The result an MDA reports for an indicator at the end of a quarter, in the indicator’s own unit.
- Where you see itReportsReform areas
- Approved report
- A quarterly report that the MDA has submitted and the Secretariat has reviewed and approved. Only approved reports feed this portal.
- Where you see itReportsMDAs
B
- Backdated actual
- A correction to an earlier quarter’s result entered later. It updates the cumulative figure but not the achievement shown for the original quarter.
- Where you see itReports
- Baseline
- The starting value of an indicator before the contract period begins, from which progress is measured.
- Where you see itContractsReform areas
C
- Constitutional body
- An independent MDA whose existence and independence are set out in the Constitution.
- Where you see itMDAs
- Contract period
- The years a reform contract covers, written as financial years — for example 2026/2027 Q1 to 2027/2028 Q4.
- Where you see itMDAsReports
- Coverage
- The share of reform areas or MDAs with an approved result for a period, out of those that had a target due.
- Where you see itHomeStatistics
- Cumulative
- A running position to date, not only what was added in the latest quarter. Every indicator on this portal is cumulative.
- Where you see itReportsReform areas
D
- Decreasing indicator
- An indicator where a lower value is better, such as the time taken to process a licence.
- Where you see itReports
I
- Increasing indicator
- An indicator where a higher value is better, such as the number of schools connected.
- Where you see itReports
- Indicator
- A measure used to track an output. It has a unit, a baseline and targets.
- Where you see itReportsContracts
L
M
- MDA
- Ministry, Department or Agency. The collective name for the public bodies with reform contracts: ministries, parastatals, local councils and constitutional bodies.
- Where you see itThroughout the portal
- Ministry
- A government ministry, including departments that fall under one, as categorised on this portal.
- Where you see itMDAs
- MW2063
- Malawi’s long-term national development vision. Its pillars and enablers are the thematic areas used on this portal.
- Where you see itReform areasStatistics
N
- No progress recorded
- A target was due and the recorded result is zero.
- Where you see itReform areasReports
- No target this quarter
- The contract sets no target for this quarter, so nothing was due.
- Where you see itReform areasReports
- Not reported
- A target was due and no approved result is published yet.
- Where you see itThroughout the portal
O
P
- Parastatal
- A public body or state-owned enterprise established to deliver a public function, such as a regulator, university or utility.
- Where you see itMDAs
- Pillar and enabler
- The two kinds of MW2063 theme. Pillars are the main areas of growth, and enablers support them. The portal calls each one a thematic area.
- Where you see itReform areasStatistics
Q
- Quarter
- A three-month period of the financial year. Q1 is April to June, Q2 July to September, Q3 October to December, and Q4 January to March.
- Where you see itThroughout the portal
R
- Reform area
- A strategic commitment an MDA makes in its contract to improve services, efficiency or governance. It has outputs and indicators.
- Where you see itThroughout the portal
- Reform contract
- The signed agreement between an MDA and PSRMD setting out its reform areas, outputs, indicators, targets and weights. An approved contract cannot be changed.
- Where you see itMDAs
- Reporting window
- The time during which MDAs may submit a quarterly report. It closes two weeks after the quarter ends. Later submission needs Secretariat approval.
- Where you see itReporting calendar
S
- Secretariat
- The Public Sector Reform Management Department (PSRMD), which reviews and approves reports.
- Where you see itAboutMethodology
- Status
- A label showing how a reform area’s achievement compares with its target for the quarter.
- Where you see itReform areasStatistics
T
- Target
- The value an MDA commits to reach for an indicator by a given quarter or by the end of the contract.
- Where you see itContractsReports
- Thematic area
- A grouping of reform areas under an MW2063 pillar or enabler.
- Where you see itReform areasStatistics
W
- Weight
- The share of an MDA’s overall figure that one reform area carries, set in the signed contract.
- Where you see itContractsMDAs
Still unclear about a term?
Read how the figures are measured, or ask the Secretariat.
